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катион - translation to English
ПОЛОЖИТЕЛЬНО ЗАРЯЖЕННАЯ ЧАСТИЧКА-ИОН, АТОМ В КОТОРОМ ЭЛЕКТРОНОВ МЕНЬШЕ ЧЕМ ПРОТОНОВ
Катионы; Положительные ионы; Положительный ион
катион
m.
cation
cation
basic ion
катион
cation
![[[Hydrogen atom]] (center) contains a single [[proton]] and a single [[electron]]. Removal of the electron gives a cation (left), whereas the addition of an electron gives an anion (right). The hydrogen anion, with its loosely held two-electron cloud, has a larger radius than the neutral atom, which in turn is much larger than the bare proton of the [[cation]]. Hydrogen forms the only charge-+1 cation that has no electrons, but even cations that (unlike hydrogen) retain one or more electrons are still smaller than the neutral atoms or molecules from which they are derived.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ions.svg?width=200 "[[Hydrogen atom]] (center) contains a single [[proton]] and a single [[electron]]. Removal of the electron gives a cation (left), whereas the addition of an electron gives an anion (right). The hydrogen anion, with its loosely held two-electron cloud, has a larger radius than the neutral atom, which in turn is much larger than the bare proton of the [[cation]]. Hydrogen forms the only charge-+1 cation that has no electrons, but even cations that (unlike hydrogen) retain one or more electrons are still smaller than the neutral atoms or molecules from which they are derived.")
![Equivalent notations for an [[iron]] atom (Fe) that lost two electrons, referred to as [[ferrous]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ions notation.svg?width=200 "Equivalent notations for an [[iron]] atom (Fe) that lost two electrons, referred to as [[ferrous]].")
![Mixed Roman numerals and charge notations for the [[uranyl]] ion. The oxidation state of the metal is shown as superscripted Roman numerals, whereas the charge of the entire complex is shown by the angle symbol together with the magnitude and sign of the net charge.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ions notation2.svg?width=200 "Mixed Roman numerals and charge notations for the [[uranyl]] ion. The oxidation state of the metal is shown as superscripted Roman numerals, whereas the charge of the entire complex is shown by the angle symbol together with the magnitude and sign of the net charge.")
![2NO3-}}). The 3-dimensional shell represents a single arbitrary [[isopotential]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nitrate-ion-elpot.png?width=200 "2NO3-}}). The 3-dimensional shell represents a single arbitrary [[isopotential]].")
ATOM OR MOLECULE IN WHICH THE TOTAL NUMBER OF ELECTRONS IS NOT EQUAL TO THE TOTAL NUMBER OF PROTONS, GIVING THE ATOM A NET POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE ELECTRICAL CHARGE
Cation; Anion; Anionic; Cationic; Ions; Negative ions; Cations; Anions; Ion (physics); Negative atomic ion; Charge (chemistry); Oxo anion; Ion (chemistry); Ion notation; Nonionic; Negative ion; Positive ions; Cathion; Kation; Ionical; Ionic charge; Positive ion; Non-ionic; Free floating electrons; Anions and cations; Cations and anions
['kætaiən]
общая лексика
катион
катионный
существительное
химия
катион
Definition
КАТИОН
(от греч. kation, букв. - идущий вниз), положительно заряженный ион; в электрическом поле (напр., при электролизе) движется к отрицательному электроду (катоду).
Wikipedia
Катион
Катио́н — положительно заряженный ион. Характеризуется величиной положительного электрического заряда: например, NH4+ — однозарядный катион аммония, Ca2+ — двухзарядный катион кальция. В электрическом поле, катионы притягиваются к отрицательному электроду — катоду.
Название происходит от греческого слова «καθιών»: нисходящий, идущий вниз. Термин введён Майклом Фарадеем, в 1834 году.
Examples of use of катион
1. А значит, к этим катионам, как к электровозам, можно прицепить вагончик (к примеру, антиоксидант). Важна именно такая конструкция -- катион плюс антиоксидант, иначе проблему можно было бы решить поглощением большого количества природных антиоксидантов типа витамина Е.
